Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon,' commonly known as Chameleon Plant, is a herbaceous perennial that belongs to the Saururaceae family. It is a popular cultivar of Houttuynia cordata, valued for its colorful and variegated foliage. Here's a detailed description and care guide for Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon':

Description:
Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' is a spreading groundcover plant that typically reaches a height of 6-12 inches (15-30 cm) and spreads vigorously by rhizomes. The plant features heart-shaped leaves that grow in an alternating pattern along the stems. The unique feature of 'Chameleon' is its colorful foliage, which can vary depending on the amount of light and growing conditions. The leaves are primarily green, but they also display a variegation of cream, yellow, red, and pink, creating a vibrant and ever-changing display. Inconspicuous white flowers may appear in summer, but they are not the main feature of this plant. Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' adds a splash of color and texture to garden borders, groundcovers, or container plantings.

Care Guide:

Lighting: Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' prefers partial shade to full shade. It thrives in locations with filtered sunlight or dappled shade, especially during the hot afternoon hours. Too much direct sunlight can cause leaf scorch, so some shade is beneficial. However, it can tolerate some morning sun or brighter conditions if the soil remains consistently moist.

Water: Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' prefers consistently moist soil conditions. It grows naturally in wet habitats, such as stream banks or water edges. Ensure the soil remains evenly moist but not waterlogged. Water deeply when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch, especially during dry spells or hot weather.

Soil: Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' prefers fertile, well-draining soil. It can tolerate a range of soil types, including loam, clay, or sandy soil. However, it thrives in moist soil conditions. Adding organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, can improve soil fertility and moisture retention.

Temperature: Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' is hardy in USDA hardiness zones 5-10. It can tolerate a range of temperatures but generally prefers moderate conditions. Protect the plant from extreme heat or prolonged periods of frost. Mulching around the base of the plant can help insulate the roots and retain moisture.

Fertilizer: Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' does not require heavy fertilization. A light application of a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring can provide essential nutrients. Avoid over-fertilization, as it can result in excessive leaf growth and reduced variegation.

Maintenance: Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' is a low-maintenance plant. Regular maintenance involves removing any dead or yellowed foliage to maintain a tidy appearance. The plant can spread aggressively, so occasional thinning or trimming may be necessary to control its growth and prevent it from overtaking other plants.

Propagation: Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' can be propagated through division or by taking stem cuttings. Division is best done in early spring or early autumn. Carefully separate the clumps, ensuring each division has healthy roots and stems, and replant them in suitable soil or containers. Stem cuttings can be taken in late spring or early summer and rooted in a moist, well-draining potting mix.

Pests and Diseases: Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' is generally resistant to pests and diseases. However, it may occasionally attract slugs or be susceptible to fungal diseases if growing conditions are unfavorable. Monitor the plant for any signs of pests or diseases and take appropriate measures if necessary.

By following these care guidelines, you can enjoy the vibrant and ever-changing foliage of Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' in your garden borders, groundcovers, or container plantings. Adjust the care routine based on your specific growing conditions and monitor the plant for any signs of stress, pests, or diseases. With proper care, Houttuynia cordata 'Chameleon' can provide a visually captivating display of colorful foliage, adding interest and charm to your outdoor spaces.